Geometrical (ray) optics

Concave (collecting) spherical mirror: focal distance
F = R / 2
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Concave (collecting) spherical mirror
1/d + 1/f = 1/F
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Concave (collecting) spherical mirror
1/d + 1/f = 2/R
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Convex spherical mirror: zoom
Γ = h / h_0
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Convex spherical mirror: zoom
Γ = f / d
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Convex spherical mirror
1/d - 1/f = -1/F
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Convex spherical mirror
1/d - 1/f = -2/R
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Light-refraction law
sin(α) / sin(γ) = n
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Absolute index of refraction
n = c / v
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Relative index of refraction
n = n2 / n1
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Relative index of refraction
n = v1 / v2
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Light-refraction law: relative indexes of refraction
sin(α) / sin(γ) = n2 / n1
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Light-refraction law: speeds of light
sin(α) / sin(γ) = v1 / v2
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Total reflection
sin(α) = 1 / n
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Displacement (shift) of light when crossing the plate
b = d * sin(α-γ) / cos(γ)
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Angle of deviation (deflection) of light in a prism
δ = α1 +γ2 -φ
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Angle of deviation (deflection) of light in a prism
δ = φ(n - 1)
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Thin lens formula
1/F = (n1/n2-1)(1/R1+1/R2)
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Lens power
D = 1 / F
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Lens power
1/d + 1/f = D
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Linear magnification of the lens
Γ = H / h
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